See dowód on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "dowòdzëc<ety:af<csb:do-><csb:wodzić<ety:inh<sla-pro:*vodìti>>>>",
"etydate": "15th century",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nKashubian do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nKashubian wodzić\nKashubian dowòdzëcdeverb.\nKashubian dowód\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*da\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"do-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wedʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wádīˀtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*vodìti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"wodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"dowòdzëc\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"dowód\">\nDeverbal from dowòdzëc. First attested in the 15th century.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dowód"
},
"expansion": "Polish dowód",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nKashubian do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nKashubian wodzić\nKashubian dowòdzëcdeverb.\nKashubian dowód\nDeverbal from dowòdzëc. First attested in the 15th century. Compare Polish dowód.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dowòdowi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "dowòdowi"
},
"expansion": "dowód m inan (related adjective dowòdowi)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"do‧wód"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"do‧wód"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowòdzëzna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowódca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowództwò"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowiesc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowòdzëc"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-csb-noun-VrHC6duF",
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dokôz"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-csb-noun-UEngE47t",
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔ.wot/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔwot"
}
],
"word": "dowód"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "dowodny"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "dowód"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "dowōd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "dowodzić<ety:af<zlw-opl:do-><zlw-opl:wodzić<ety:inh<sla-pro:*vodìti>>>>",
"etydate": "15th century",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*da\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do-\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"do-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wedʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wádīˀtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*vodìti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"wodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"dowód\">\nDeverbal from dowodzić. First attested in the 15th century.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\nDeverbal from dowodzić. First attested in the 15th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "dowód m inan",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "dowodnie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowieść"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowodzić"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "52 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1454], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Wolność kmieca na Mazowszu w wieku XV, Masovia, page 5:",
"text": "Martinus de Zawisti uczynyl dowod super kmethonem Retyborium o *zemskye vklad, eze *dowyold, aby mv vczynil per sex dominicas o wloką",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
33
]
],
"ref": "1922 [1455], “Sądownictwo w sprawach kmiecych a ustalanie się stanów na Mazowszu pod koniec wieków średnich”, in Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Prace Komisji Hisorycznej, volume 3, Masovia, page 139:",
"text": "Cuczynsky debuit aprobare dowodem scabinis super kmethonem Petrum",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"argument; proof (reasoning or fact justifying the truth of something)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-zlw-opl-noun-PzXy6sOJ",
"links": [
[
"argument",
"argument"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) argument; proof (reasoning or fact justifying the truth of something)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 75:",
"text": "Dowod argumentum (transierunt... tamquam avis, quae transvolat in aëre, cuius nullum invenitur argumentum itineris, sed tantum sonitus alarum Sap 5, 11)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sign, trace"
],
"id": "en-dowód-zlw-opl-noun-O7cYY8M~",
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"trace",
"trace"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
79
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 20:",
"text": "Gdyby nyekto byl pozwan pyrwe, wtore, trzecze kv odpowyadanyv na szalobą dowoda, a ten to nye stanye (citatus non comparuerit), tegdy dla gego nyeposlvszenstwa na trzeczem rokv ma bycz zdan, a powodowy ma bycz przysądzona wlostna dzerszawa, ... a sąmpyercza yvsz ma odstąpycz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"corruption of powód"
],
"id": "en-dowód-zlw-opl-noun-dUC7dSF2",
"links": [
[
"powód",
"powód#Old_Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) corruption of powód"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɔvɔːt/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔvot/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "dowód"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód ontologiczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód osobisty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód rzeczowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód wdzięczności"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:dowód",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\nPolish dowód\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*da\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do-\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"do-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wedʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wádīˀtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*vodìti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"wodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"dowód\">\nInherited from Old Polish dowód.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "dowodzić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from dowodzić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "dowód"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian dowód",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\nPolish dowód\nInherited from Old Polish dowód. By surface analysis, deverbal from dowodzić. Compare Kashubian dowód.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dowodzik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dowód",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowód",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"adj": "dowodowy",
"dim": "dowodzik"
},
"expansion": "dowód m inan (diminutive dowodzik, related adjective dowodowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"do‧wód"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"do‧wód"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bezdowodowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "bezdowodowo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "udowodnić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "udowadniać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
17
]
],
"english": "This is the proof that my theory is true.",
"text": "Oto dowód na prawdziwość mojej teorii.",
"translation": "This is the proof that my theory is true.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
20
]
],
"english": "This is the evidence that I am innocent.",
"text": "Oto dowód mojej niewinności..",
"translation": "This is the evidence that I am innocent.",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-VrHC6duF",
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{
"args": {
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},
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"extra_data": {
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"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
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"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
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"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
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{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
}
],
"tags": [
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"masculine"
]
},
{
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{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "pl:Law",
"parents": [],
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}
],
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"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)",
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],
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{
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},
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"what’"
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"name": "+obj"
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"proof"
],
[
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"evidence"
],
[
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],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
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"(law) evidence (anything admitted by a court to prove or disprove alleged matters of fact in a trial)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
}
],
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"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
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{
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"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Law",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)",
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
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"extra_data": {
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"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"evidentiary",
"evidentiary"
],
[
"proceeding",
"proceeding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"(law) evidentiary proceedings"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)",
"argument (fact or statement used to support a proposition)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-qcLJ2ka-",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
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"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"(Middle Polish) argument (fact or statement used to support a proposition)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
},
{
"word": "argument"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
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16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"english": "This document is a proof that I have Polish citizenship.",
"text": "Ten dokument to dowód że mam obywatelstwo polskie.",
"translation": "This document is a proof that I have Polish citizenship.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-UEngE47t",
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zaświadczenie"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)",
"synonym of dokument"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-uvE1niLV",
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"dokument",
"dokument#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)",
"(Zagórze) synonym of dokument"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zaświadczenie"
},
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "dokument"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
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{
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"name": "Polish ellipses",
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"source": "w"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 1 1 1 5 9 8 9 2 2 51 2 2 1 1",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 2 1 1 6 15 13 12 2 2 30 2 3 1 1",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 1 1 1 7 16 13 12 1 1 35 1 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 2 1 1 9 11 11 12 2 2 22 6 3 3 1",
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"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish deverbals",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
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},
{
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 14 11 16 2 2 38 5 3 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 6 19 5 5 28 11 8 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 7 14 2 2 40 9 6 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 9 16 3 3 41 4 4 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
22
]
],
"english": "I have lost my ID card.",
"text": "Zgubiłem swój dowód",
"translation": "I have lost my ID card.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"identity document, ID (document which may be used to prove a person's identity)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-kAjzb-OD",
"links": [
[
"identity document",
"identity document"
],
[
"ID",
"ID"
]
],
"qualifier": "by ellipsis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by ellipsis) identity document, ID (document which may be used to prove a person's identity)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dowód osobisty"
},
{
"word": "dowód tożsamości"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Logic",
"orig": "pl:Logic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "pl:Mathematics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "pl:Sciences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"english": "This is a proof that this theorem is true.",
"text": "Oto dowód na prawdziwość tego twierdzenia matematycznego..",
"translation": "This is a proof that this theorem is true.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof (series of consecutive sentences proving the validity of some statement)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-Ppam71bm",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"sciences",
"sciences"
],
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
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"mathematics"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sciences, logic, mathematics) proof (series of consecutive sentences proving the validity of some statement) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"attempt (try to achieve one's intention)"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-hJZFUX6R",
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) attempt (try to achieve one's intention)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"leadership; stimulus"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-xPns-1hR",
"links": [
[
"leadership",
"leadership"
],
[
"stimulus",
"stimulus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) leadership; stimulus"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"school register"
],
"id": "en-dowód-pl-noun-g5v9Rd2L",
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"register",
"register"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) school register"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔ.vut/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔ.vot/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdɔ.vot]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"ipa": "[dɔˈvɔ.dɘ]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdɔ.vɔ.dɘ]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvut"
}
],
"word": "dowód"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kashubian deverbals",
"Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"Kashubian entries with etymology trees",
"Kashubian entries with etymon",
"Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashubian inanimate nouns",
"Kashubian lemmas",
"Kashubian masculine nouns",
"Kashubian nouns",
"Kashubian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wedʰ- (lead)",
"Kashubian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *de",
"Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/ɔwot",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/ɔwot/2 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "dowòdzëc<ety:af<csb:do-><csb:wodzić<ety:inh<sla-pro:*vodìti>>>>",
"etydate": "15th century",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nKashubian do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nKashubian wodzić\nKashubian dowòdzëcdeverb.\nKashubian dowód\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*da\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"do-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wedʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wádīˀtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*vodìti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"wodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"dowòdzëc\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"dowód\">\nDeverbal from dowòdzëc. First attested in the 15th century.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dowód"
},
"expansion": "Polish dowód",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nKashubian do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nKashubian wodzić\nKashubian dowòdzëcdeverb.\nKashubian dowód\nDeverbal from dowòdzëc. First attested in the 15th century. Compare Polish dowód.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dowòdowi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "dowòdowi"
},
"expansion": "dowód m inan (related adjective dowòdowi)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"do‧wód"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"do‧wód"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowòdzëzna"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowódca"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowództwò"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowiesc"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowòdzëc"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dokôz"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)"
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔ.wot/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔwot"
}
],
"word": "dowód"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Old Polish deverbals",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish inanimate nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wedʰ- (lead)",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *de",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Zagórze Polish"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "dowodny"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "dowód"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "dowōd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "dowodzić<ety:af<zlw-opl:do-><zlw-opl:wodzić<ety:inh<sla-pro:*vodìti>>>>",
"etydate": "15th century",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*da\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do-\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"do-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wedʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wádīˀtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*vodìti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"wodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"dowód\">\nDeverbal from dowodzić. First attested in the 15th century.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\nDeverbal from dowodzić. First attested in the 15th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "dowód m inan",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "dowodnie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowieść"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dowodzić"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1454], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Wolność kmieca na Mazowszu w wieku XV, Masovia, page 5:",
"text": "Martinus de Zawisti uczynyl dowod super kmethonem Retyborium o *zemskye vklad, eze *dowyold, aby mv vczynil per sex dominicas o wloką",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
33
]
],
"ref": "1922 [1455], “Sądownictwo w sprawach kmiecych a ustalanie się stanów na Mazowszu pod koniec wieków średnich”, in Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Prace Komisji Hisorycznej, volume 3, Masovia, page 139:",
"text": "Cuczynsky debuit aprobare dowodem scabinis super kmethonem Petrum",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"argument; proof (reasoning or fact justifying the truth of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"argument",
"argument"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) argument; proof (reasoning or fact justifying the truth of something)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 75:",
"text": "Dowod argumentum (transierunt... tamquam avis, quae transvolat in aëre, cuius nullum invenitur argumentum itineris, sed tantum sonitus alarum Sap 5, 11)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sign, trace"
],
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"trace",
"trace"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
79
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 20:",
"text": "Gdyby nyekto byl pozwan pyrwe, wtore, trzecze kv odpowyadanyv na szalobą dowoda, a ten to nye stanye (citatus non comparuerit), tegdy dla gego nyeposlvszenstwa na trzeczem rokv ma bycz zdan, a powodowy ma bycz przysądzona wlostna dzerszawa, ... a sąmpyercza yvsz ma odstąpycz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"corruption of powód"
],
"links": [
[
"powód",
"powód#Old_Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) corruption of powód"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɔvɔːt/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔvot/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "dowód"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish deverbals",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish palindromes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wedʰ- (lead)",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *de",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvut",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvut/2 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód ontologiczny"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód osobisty"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód rzeczowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "dowód wdzięczności"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:dowód",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\nPolish dowód\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*da\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*do-\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"do-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wedʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wádīˀtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*vodìti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"wodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowodzić\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dowód\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"dowód\">\nInherited from Old Polish dowód.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "dowodzić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from dowodzić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "dowód"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian dowód",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *de\nProto-Balto-Slavic *da\nProto-Slavic *do\nProto-Slavic *do-\nOld Polish do-\nProto-Indo-European *wedʰ-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *vodìti\nOld Polish wodzić\nOld Polish dowodzićdeverb.\nOld Polish dowód\nPolish dowód\nInherited from Old Polish dowód. By surface analysis, deverbal from dowodzić. Compare Kashubian dowód.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dowodzik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dowód",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowód",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dowodzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "dowodowy",
"dim": "dowodzik"
},
"expansion": "dowód m inan (diminutive dowodzik, related adjective dowodowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"do‧wód"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"do‧wód"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bezdowodowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "bezdowodowo"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "udowodnić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "udowadniać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
17
]
],
"english": "This is the proof that my theory is true.",
"text": "Oto dowód na prawdziwość mojej teorii.",
"translation": "This is the proof that my theory is true.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
20
]
],
"english": "This is the evidence that I am innocent.",
"text": "Oto dowód mojej niewinności..",
"translation": "This is the evidence that I am innocent.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"pl:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)",
"evidence (anything admitted by a court to prove or disprove alleged matters of fact in a trial)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"(law) evidence (anything admitted by a court to prove or disprove alleged matters of fact in a trial)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"pl:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)",
"evidentiary proceedings"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"evidentiary",
"evidentiary"
],
[
"proceeding",
"proceeding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"(law) evidentiary proceedings"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something)",
"argument (fact or statement used to support a proposition)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof, piece of evidence (that which evinces the realness of something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"(Middle Polish) argument (fact or statement used to support a proposition)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "postępowanie dowodowe"
},
{
"word": "argument"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"english": "This document is a proof that I have Polish citizenship.",
"text": "Ten dokument to dowód że mam obywatelstwo polskie.",
"translation": "This document is a proof that I have Polish citizenship.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)"
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zaświadczenie"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"Zagórze Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)",
"synonym of dokument"
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"dokument",
"dokument#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"proof (document confirming something)",
"(Zagórze) synonym of dokument"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zaświadczenie"
},
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "dokument"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish ellipses",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
22
]
],
"english": "I have lost my ID card.",
"text": "Zgubiłem swój dowód",
"translation": "I have lost my ID card.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"identity document, ID (document which may be used to prove a person's identity)"
],
"links": [
[
"identity document",
"identity document"
],
[
"ID",
"ID"
]
],
"qualifier": "by ellipsis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by ellipsis) identity document, ID (document which may be used to prove a person's identity)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dowód osobisty"
},
{
"word": "dowód tożsamości"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"pl:Logic",
"pl:Mathematics",
"pl:Sciences"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"english": "This is a proof that this theorem is true.",
"text": "Oto dowód na prawdziwość tego twierdzenia matematycznego..",
"translation": "This is a proof that this theorem is true.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof (series of consecutive sentences proving the validity of some statement)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"sciences",
"sciences"
],
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sciences, logic, mathematics) proof (series of consecutive sentences proving the validity of some statement) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"attempt (try to achieve one's intention)"
],
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) attempt (try to achieve one's intention)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"leadership; stimulus"
],
"links": [
[
"leadership",
"leadership"
],
[
"stimulus",
"stimulus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) leadership; stimulus"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"school register"
],
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"register",
"register"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) school register"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔ.vut/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔ.vot/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdɔ.vot]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"ipa": "[dɔˈvɔ.dɘ]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdɔ.vɔ.dɘ]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvut"
}
],
"word": "dowód"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dowód meaning in All languages combined (26.1kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''proof, piece of evidence (that'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"dowód"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dowód",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Zagórze",
"path": [
"dowód"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dowód",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Zagórze",
"path": [
"dowód"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dowód",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.